Which of the following mechanisms converts rotary motion into reciprocating (linear) motion?Gear train Belt and pulley systemCrank-slider mechanismCam and followerC) Crank-slider mechanismA crank-slider mechanism is a common mechanical linkage that translates rotational motion (of the crank) into linear, back-and-forth motion (of the slider), or vice-versa.
What is the primary purpose of a "gear" in a mechanical system?To store energy.To transfer rotational motion and torque between shafts, often changing speed or direction.To dissipate heat.To filter fluids.B) To transfer rotational motion and torque between shafts, often changing speed or direction.Gears are toothed mechanical components that mesh together to transmit rotation and torque. They are used to change the speed, direction, or force of a rotating motion.
Which of the following describes the ability of a material to absorb energy and deform plastically without fracturing?BrittlenessBrittlenessElasticityDuctilityToughness D) ToughnessToughness is the ability of a material to absorb energy and plastically deform before fracturing. It's often measured by a material's resistance to impact.
What is the function of a "compressor" in a refrigeration cycle?To release heat to the surroundings.To absorb heat from the refrigerated space.To increase the pressure and temperature of the refrigerant vapor.To convert the refrigerant from liquid to vapor.C) To increase the pressure and temperature of the refrigerant vapor. In a refrigeration cycle, the compressor is a critical component that takes low-pressure refrigerant vapor, compresses it to a high pressure, and raises its temperature, preparing it to release heat in the condenser.
What does "thermodynamic efficiency" in an engine typically refer to?The engine's physical size.The ratio of useful work output to the total heat input.The speed at which the engine operates.The amount of fuel consumed per hour.B) The ratio of useful work output to the total heat input.Thermodynamic efficiency, particularly for heat engines, is a measure of how effectively heat energy input is converted into useful mechanical work output. It's often expressed as a percentage.
Which type of mechanical vibration occurs when the frequency of an external force matches the natural frequency of a system, leading to large oscillations?Damped vibrationFree vibration Forced vibration Resonance D) ResonanceResonance occurs when an oscillating system (like a structure or machine) is subjected to an external force or vibration at a frequency close to its own natural frequency, leading to a significant increase in the amplitude of oscillations.
What is the primary function of a "valve" in a fluid system?To increase the pressure of the fluid.To control the flow (start, stop, regulate) of a fluid.To transfer heat between fluids.To filter out impurities from the fluid. B) To control the flow (start, stop, regulate) of a fluid.A valve is a device that regulates, directs, or controls the flow of a fluid (gases, liquids, fluidized solids, or slurries) by opening, closing, or partially obstructing various passageways.
What does "stress" refer to in material science and mechanical engineering?The amount of deformation a material undergoes.The external force applied to a material.The internal resisting force per unit area within a material resulting from applied external forces.The energy stored in a material.The energy stored in a material.Stress is defined as the force per unit area applied to a material. It represents the internal forces that particles of a continuous material exert on each other as a result of external forces.
What is the main principle behind the operation of a "hydraulic system"?Boyle's LawArchimedes' PrinciplePascal's PrincipleBernoulli's PrincipleC) Pascal's PrinciplePascal's Principle states that a pressure change at any point in a confined incompressible fluid is transmitted throughout the fluid such that the same change occurs everywhere. This principle is fundamental to how hydraulic systems transmit force.
Which of the following is a common method for joining two pieces of metal by melting them together and allowing them to fuse?BoltingRivetingWelding Brazing C) Welding Welding is a fabrication process that joins materials, usually metals or thermoplastics, by using high heat to melt the parts together and allowing them to cool, causing fusion.
What is the primary function of a "radiator" in an internal combustion engine?To lubricate engine components.To cool the engine by dissipating heat from the coolant to the surrounding air. To mix air and fuel.To filter engine oil. B) To cool the engine by dissipating heat from the coolant to the surrounding air.A radiator is a type of heat exchanger used to transfer thermal energy from one medium to another for the purpose of cooling and heating. In internal combustion engines, it dissipates heat from the engine coolant to the ambient air.
What is the "First Law of Thermodynamics"?Energy can be created or destroyed, but not converted.The entropy of an isolated system always increases. Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only converted from one form to another.Heat always flows from a colder body to a hotter body. C) Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only converted from one form to another.The First Law of Thermodynamics, also known as the Law of Conservation of Energy, states that the change in the internal energy of a closed system is equal to the amount of heat supplied to the system, minus the amount of work done by the system.
What is the primary function of a "gearbox" in a vehicle?To control the vehicle's braking system. To convert the engine's power to the wheels at various speeds and torque.To cool the engine.To store fuel for the engine.B) To convert the engine's power to the wheels at various speeds and torque.A gearbox (or transmission) is a mechanical device that uses gears and gear trains to provide speed and torque conversions from a rotating power source (like an engine) to a driven component (the wheels).
Which of the following is a common material property that measures a material's resistance to scratching, indentation, or abrasion?ToughnessHardnessDuctilityBrittlenessB) HardnessHardness is a measure of a material's resistance to localized plastic deformation, such as scratching, indentation, or penetration. Toughness, ductility, and brittleness are different mechanical properties.
What is the purpose of a "flywheel" in a reciprocating engine?To mix air and fuel.To smooth out the rotational speed of the crankshaft and store rotational energy.To provide lubrication to the engine's components.To filter out impurities from the engine oil.B) To smooth out the rotational speed of the crankshaft and store rotational energy.A flywheel is a rotating mechanical device used to store rotational energy. In an engine, it helps to maintain a consistent angular velocity by resisting changes in speed and smoothing out the power delivery.
What is the "Second Law of Thermodynamics"? Energy can be created or destroyed, but not converted.The entropy of an isolated system can only increase or remain constant; it can never decrease.The total energy of an isolated system is constant.There is a constant relationship between pressure, volume, and temperature.B) The entropy of an isolated system can only increase or remain constant; it can never decrease.The Second Law of Thermodynamics is a fundamental principle of physical science. It states that the total entropy of an isolated system can never decrease over time and is a measure of the disorder or randomness of a system.
What is the main purpose of a "gearbox" in a vehicle?To control the steering.To adjust the speed and torque of the engine's output.To provide power to the wheels.To act as a brake.B) To adjust the speed and torque of the engine's output.A gearbox, or transmission, is a machine in a power transmission system that provides controlled application of the power. It can change the output speed and torque of the engine.
The "first law of thermodynamics" is also known as the law of:Conservation of mass.Conservation of energy.Conservation of momentum.Conservation of heat.B) Conservation of energy.The first law of thermodynamics is a version of the law of conservation of energy, adapted for thermodynamic processes.
What is "friction"?A force that causes objects to accelerate.A force that opposes motion between two surfaces in contact.A force that keeps objects in orbit. A force that pulls objects toward the center of the Earth. B) A force that opposes motion between two surfaces in contact.Friction is a force that resists the relative motion or tendency of such motion of two surfaces in contact.
What is the main function of a "piston" in an internal combustion engine? To mix fuel and air.To convert linear motion into rotational motion.To ignite the fuel.To store energy.B) To convert linear motion into rotational motion.A piston is a component of reciprocating engines, reciprocating pumps, gas compressors, and pneumatic cylinders, among other similar mechanisms. It converts the force of expanding gas into linear motion.
What is the main purpose of a "flywheel"?To provide a decorative element in a machine. To provide a temporary storage for rotational energy.To change the speed of a machine.To provide a brake for a machine.B) To provide a temporary storage for rotational energy. A flywheel is a rotating mechanical device that stores rotational energy and resists changes in rotational speed.
The term "stress-strain curve" is a graphical representation of the relationship between:Temperature and pressure. Voltage and current.Force and acceleration. Stress and strain in a material.D) Stress and strain in a material. A stress-strain curve is a fundamental property of a material. It shows the relationship between stress and strain when the material is subjected to an external load.
What is the main purpose of a "hydraulic jack"?To lift heavy objects using a mechanical lever.To lift heavy objects using a pressurized fluid.To lift heavy objects using a rope.To lift heavy objects using a spring.B) To lift heavy objects using a pressurized fluid.A hydraulic jack is a device that uses a hydraulic cylinder to lift heavy loads.
The term "Newtonian fluid" refers to a fluid that has a:Viscosity that changes with temperature.Viscosity that does not change with temperature.Viscosity that changes with the shear rate.Viscosity that does not change with the shear rate. D) Viscosity that does not change with the shear rate.A Newtonian fluid is a fluid in which the viscous stresses arising from its flow are linearly proportional to the local strain rate.
What is the "Pascal's law" in fluid mechanics?The pressure in a fluid is always zero.The pressure applied to a confined fluid is transmitted equally throughout the fluid.The pressure in a fluid is always equal to the temperature.The pressure in a fluid is always equal to the density.B) The pressure applied to a confined fluid is transmitted equally throughout the fluid.Pascal's law is a principle of fluid mechanics that states that a pressure change at any point in a confined incompressible fluid is transmitted throughout the fluid such that the same change occurs everywhere.
The "principle of a lever" is based on the concept of:Force multiplication.Energy conservation.Momentum.Friction.A) Force multiplication. A lever is a simple machine that multiplies force by using a rigid bar and a pivot point (fulcrum).
What is the main purpose of a "bearing" in a machine?To provide support and reduce friction between moving parts.To generate power.To change the speed of a machine. To store energy. A) To provide support and reduce friction between moving parts.A bearing is a machine element that constrains relative motion to only the desired motion and reduces friction between moving parts.
The term "kinetics" is a branch of mechanics that deals with:The study of motion without considering its causes. The study of the forces that cause motion.The study of stationary objects.The study of fluids.B) The study of the forces that cause motion.Kinetics is the study of the relationship between forces and the resulting motion of bodies.
The "First Law of Thermodynamics" states that:Energy can be created but not destroyed Energy can neither be created nor destroyed. Energy can be destroyed but not created. Heat always flows from a cooler to a hotter body.B) Energy can neither be created nor destroyed.The first law of thermodynamics, also known as the law of conservation of energy, states that energy can be converted from one form to another but cannot be created or destroyed.
What is the purpose of a "spring" in a mechanical system?To generate power.To store and release mechanical energy.To provide friction.To increase speed. B) To store and release mechanical energy.A spring is an elastic object used to store mechanical energy. When an external force is applied, it deforms and stores energy, which it can then release.
What is a "gear train"?A system of gears that works together to transmit motion and power.A type of engine.A type of brake. A type of clutch. A) A system of gears that works together to transmit motion and power. A gear train is a mechanical system formed by mounting gears on a frame so that the teeth of the gears engage.
The term "stress concentration" refers to: A point in a material where the stress is lower than the surrounding area. A point in a material where the stress is significantly higher than the surrounding area. A type of material.A type of force. B) A point in a material where the stress is significantly higher than the surrounding area.Stress concentration is a point in an object where stress is concentrated, such as at a sharp corner or a crack.
What is the main purpose of a "camshaft" in an internal combustion engine? To open and close the intake and exhaust valves.To connect the piston to the crankshaft.To provide a spark to the engine.To store energy.A) To open and close the intake and exhaust valves.The camshaft is a rotating shaft that controls the timing of the engine's valves.
What is the term for the force that resists the motion of a body through a fluiFrictionDragGravityBuoyancyB) DragDrag is a mechanical force generated by a solid object moving through a fluid (liquid or gas).
What is the main purpose of a "differential" in a car?To allow the wheels to turn at different speeds when cornering.To allow the wheels to turn at the same speed when cornering. To provide a brake.To control the steering.A) To allow the wheels to turn at different speeds when cornering.A differential is a mechanical device that enables a wheel on the inside of a turn to travel a shorter distance and a wheel on the outside of a turn to travel a longer distance.
The term "kinematics" is a branch of mechanics that deals with:The study of motion without considering its causes.The study of the forces that cause motion.The study of stationary objects.The study of fluids.A) The study of motion without considering its causes.Kinematics is the branch of mechanics that describes the motion of objects without considering the forces that cause the motion.
What is the purpose of a "camshaft" in an internal combustion engine?To open and close the intake and exhaust valves.To connect the piston to the crankshaft. To provide a spark to the engine.To store energy. A) To open and close the intake and exhaust valves.The camshaft is a rotating shaft that controls the timing of the engine's valves.
The "Second Law of Thermodynamics" states that:Energy can neither be created nor destroyed.The entropy of an isolated system always increases over time.Heat always flows from a cooler to a hotter body.Heat cannot be transferred from a cooler body to a hotter body without work.B) The entropy of an isolated system always increases over time.The second law of thermodynamics states that the total entropy of an isolated system can only increase over time.
What is the term for the force that resists the motion of a body through a fluid? FrictionDragGravityBuoyancyB) DragDrag is a mechanical force generated by a solid object moving through a fluid (liquid or gas).
What is the main purpose of a "differential" in a car?To allow the wheels to turn at different speeds when cornering. To allow the wheels to turn at the same speed when cornering.To provide a brake.To control the steering.A) To allow the wheels to turn at different speeds when cornering.A differential is a mechanical device that enables a wheel on the inside of a turn to travel a shorter distance and a wheel on the outside of a turn to travel a longer distance.
The term "kinematics" is a branch of mechanics that deals with:The study of motion without considering its causes. The study of the forces that cause motion.The study of stationary objects.The study of fluids.A) The study of motion without considering its causes.Kinematics is the branch of mechanics that describes the motion of objects without considering the forces that cause the motion.
What is the term for the force that resists the motion of a body through a fluid?Friction Drag Gravity Buoyancy B) DragDrag is a mechanical force generated by a solid object moving through a fluid (liquid or gas).
What is a "flywheel"?A device used to store kinetic energy.A device used to store potential energy.A device used to store electrical energy. A device used to store thermal energy.A) A device used to store kinetic energy. A flywheel is a rotating mechanical device that is used to store rotational energy.
The term "torque" refers to:A force that causes linear motion.A force that causes rotational motion. A force that causes vibration. A force that causes tension. B) A force that causes rotational motion.Torque is a measure of the force that can cause an object to rotate about an axis.
What is the main purpose of a "crankshaft" in an internal combustion engine?To open and close the intake and exhaust valves.To convert the reciprocating motion of the pistons into rotational motion.To provide a spark to the engine.To store energy.B) To convert the reciprocating motion of the pistons into rotational motion.The crankshaft is a mechanical part able to perform a conversion between reciprocating motion and rotational motion.
What is the main purpose of a "piston" in an internal combustion engine?To provide a spark to the engine.To seal the combustion chamber and transmit force from expanding gas.To store energy.To control the steering.B) To seal the combustion chamber and transmit force from expanding gas.The piston is a component of a reciprocating engine that converts the energy from expanding gas into rotational motion.
The term "kinetics" is a branch of mechanics that deals with:The study of motion without considering its causes.The study of the forces that cause motion.The study of stationary objects.The study of fluids.B) The study of the forces that cause motion. Kinetics is the study of the relationship between the forces acting on a body and the changes in its motion.
The SI unit of force is:JouleWattNewton PascalC) NewtonThe Newton (N) is the SI unit of force, named after Sir Isaac Newton.
The term "torque" is a measure of:Linear motion.The rate of change of momentum.The rotational equivalent of linear force.The amount of energy an object has.C) The rotational equivalent of linear force. Torque is a twisting force that tends to cause rotation.
What is the main purpose of a "gearbox" in a vehicle? To increase the engine's speed.To change the torque and speed of the output shaft from the engine.To store energy.To provide a brake.B) To change the torque and speed of the output shaft from the engine. A gearbox, or transmission, changes the speed and torque of a rotating input shaft to provide a range of speeds and torques suitable for the vehicle's operation.
"Fluid mechanics" is the study of:Fluids at rest. Fluids in motion.Both fluids at rest and in motion.Only gases.C) Both fluids at rest and in motion.Fluid mechanics is a branch of physics that studies fluids (liquids, gases, and plasmas) and the forces on them.
What is the purpose of a "clutch" in a car?To allow the wheels to turn at different speeds. To connect or disconnect the engine from the transmission.To provide a brake.To control the steering. B) To connect or disconnect the engine from the transmission.A clutch is a mechanical device that engages and disengages power transmission, especially from a drive shaft to a driven shaft.
"Stress" is defined as force per unit area. What is the SI unit of stress? NewtonPascalJouleWattB) PascalThe Pascal (Pa) is the SI unit of pressure and stress, defined as one Newton per square meter.
What is the purpose of a "piston" in an internal combustion engine? To store energy.To convert linear motion into rotational motion.To provide a brake.To control the steering.B) To convert linear motion into rotational motion.The piston moves up and down in a cylinder and, through the connecting rod, turns the crankshaft, converting linear motion into rotational motion.
The term "torque" refers to a force that causes a change in: Linear motion.Rotational motion.Acceleration.Mass. B) Rotational motion.Torque is a measure of the force that can cause an object to rotate about an axis.
The SI unit of pressure is: NewtonJoulePascal Watt C) Pascal The Pascal (Pa) is the SI unit of pressure and stress, defined as one Newton per square meter.
"Friction" is a force that opposes:The motion of an object. The weight of an object.The speed of an object.The acceleration of an object.A) The motion of an object.Friction is the force resisting the relative motion of solid surfaces, fluid layers, and material elements sliding against each other.