Which service type provides ready-to-use applications over the internet?SaaSPaaSIaaSDaaSA) SaaSSaaS delivers applications to users via the cloud (e.g., Gmail, Dropbox).
Virtual machines in cloud computing run on:Physical servers onlyHypervisorsDatabasesSwitchesB) HypervisorsHypervisors allow multiple virtual machines to run on the same hardware.
Which cloud deployment model is owned by a single organization?Public CloudPrivate CloudHybrid CloudCommunity CloudB) Private CloudPrivate cloud infrastructure is used exclusively by one organization.
Which cloud characteristic allows users to pay only for resources consumed?ElasticityOn-demand self-servicePay-as-you-goResource poolingC) Pay-as-you-goUsers are billed based on actual consumption.
AWS, Azure, and Google Cloud are examples of:SaaS providersPaaS providersIaaS providersNone of theseC) IaaS providersThey primarily offer infrastructure services, along with PaaS and SaaS options.
Which model provides virtualized hardware over the internet?SaaSPaaSIaaSDaaSC) IaaSaaS offers virtual machines, storage, and servers for customers.
The service model Google Docs belongs to is:IaaSPaaSSaaSDaaSC) SaaSSaaS provides software applications over the web (Google Docs, Gmail, etc.).
Multi-tenancy in cloud means:Multiple clouds at one siteMultiple users sharing the same resourcesMultiple VMs on one PCMultiple ISPs connectedB) Multiple users sharing the same resourcesMulti-tenancy allows many users to use the same physical resources securely.
Which deployment model offers the highest security?Public cloudPrivate cloudHybrid CloudCommunity CloudB) Private cloudPrivate clouds are dedicated to one organization, ensuring maximum control and security.
Cloud elasticity means:Flexible pricingAutomatic resource scalingStrong securityHigh bandwidthB) Automatic resource scalingElasticity lets resources expand or shrink based on workload.
Which cloud provider introduced Lambda (serverless)?Google CloudAWSMicrosoft AzureIBM CloudB) AWSAWS Lambda allows code execution without provisioning servers.
The term “cloud bursting” refers to:Data loss in the cloudUsing public cloud resources during peak loadsCloud network crashHybrid storageB) Using public cloud resources during peak loadsOrganizations use cloud bursting to handle demand spikes cost-effectively.
Which tool is commonly used for cloud container orchestration?KubernetesApache SparkHadoopGitHubA) KubernetesKubernetes automates deployment, scaling, and management of containers in the cloud.
SLA in cloud computing defines:Storage limitsSecurity policyService performance guaranteesApplication designC) Service performance guaranteesSLA (Service Level Agreement) specifies uptime and service commitments.
Which is NOT a cloud deployment model?HybridPrivateDistributedPublicC) DistributedDeployment models are public, private, hybrid, and community.
SaaS provides:Hardware as serviceReady-to-use applicationsVirtualized servers onlyOperating systems onlyB) Ready-to-use applicationsSaaS delivers software apps like Gmail or Salesforce.
Cloud elasticity means:Expanding only storageAutomatic resource scalingFixing hardware failuresUser-friendly dashboardsB) Automatic resource scalingElasticity adjusts resources up/down based on demand.
Which is a deployment model of cloud?Hybrid cloudVirtualized cloudElastic cloudAutomated cloudA) Hybrid cloudHybrid combines private and public cloud resources.
AWS EC2 provides:Databases as serviceVirtual serversFile storage onlyNetworking onlyB) Virtual serversEC2 instances are virtual machines in the cloud.
Which protocol secures cloud communication?HTTPFTPHTTPSTelnetC) HTTPSHTTPS ensures secure encrypted communication.
Which cloud service is best for deploying containerized applications?SaaSKubernetes on IaaSPaaS onlyDBaaSB) Kubernetes on IaaSKubernetes orchestrates containers on IaaS platforms.
Which protocol secures API calls in cloud applications?FTPOAuth 2.0TelnetSMTPB) OAuth 2.0OAuth ensures secure delegated access for APIs.
A major advantage of serverless computing is:Developers manage hardwareInfinite storage capacityAutomatic scaling without server managementFixed pricingC) Automatic scaling without server managementServerless abstracts servers and scales by demand.
Cloud bursting is used when:Local resources exceed capacity and shift to cloudCloud is unavailableData centers closeVirtual machines crashA) Local resources exceed capacity and shift to cloudCloud bursting balances on-premise + cloud workloads.
Which cloud model is ideal for strict government compliance?Public cloudPrivate cloudHybrid cloudMulti-cloudB) Private cloudPrivate clouds provide control & regulatory compliance.
Which cloud model provides virtualized computing resources over the internet?SaaSPaaSIaaSNaaSC) IaaSIaaS provides fundamental computing infrastructure like servers and storage.
The ability of a cloud system to handle growth is known as:ElasticityPortabilityRedundancyAccessibilityA) ElasticityElasticity allows resources to expand or contract automatically as needed.
Which service allows developers to deploy apps without managing servers?SaaSPaaSDaaSNaaSB) PaaSPaaS provides a platform for development and deployment without server management.
Cloud load balancers are mainly used for:Speeding up memory accessDistributing incoming network trafficEncrypting user dataCreating backupsB) Distributing incoming network trafficLoad balancers ensure even distribution of requests across servers.
The most critical security concern in multi-tenant cloud environments is:Data duplicationData isolationData migrationData cachingB) Data isolationEnsuring one tenant’s data is inaccessible to others is key to security.
The key benefit of containerization (e.g., Docker) is:Hardware virtualizationApp isolation and portabilityFaster disksVPN creationB) App isolation and portabilityContainers package apps + dependencies for any environment.
Which concept enables billing based on actual usage?ElasticityPay-as-you-goRedundancyVirtualizationB) Pay-as-you-goCharges scale with resource consumption.
A hybrid cloud combines:Private and Public cloudsIaaS and SaaS On-prem hardware onlyMultiple VMsA) Private and Public cloudsIt balances control and scalability.
The SLA defines:Software License AgreementService performance guaranteesServer location Log analyticsB) Service performance guaranteesSLAs specify uptime and support commitments.
Cloud “orchestration” tools handle:Manual resource setupAutomated deployment and scalingHardware maintenanceEncryptionB) Automated deployment and scalingThey coordinate multiple VMs and containers.
What does IaaS stand for?Internet as a ServiceInfrastructure as a ServiceInterface as a ServiceInstance as a ServiceB) Infrastructure as a ServiceIaaS provides virtualized hardware resources over the cloud.
Which cloud model combines private and public clouds?Distributed Cloud Hybrid CloudOpen CloudShared CloudB) Hybrid CloudHybrid cloud offers flexibility by integrating on-premise and cloud infrastructure.
In AWS, which service provides scalable object storage?EC2LambdaS3EBSC) S3Amazon S3 stores and retrieves data objects at any scale.
What does “cloud elasticity” mean?Fixed costAutomatic scalingManual configurationSecure encryptionB) Automatic scalingElasticity allows resources to scale up/down automatically with demand.
Which platform provides cloud-based AI services?TensorFlowAzure Cognitive ServicesDockerVMwareB) Azure Cognitive ServicesMicrosoft Azure offers cloud-hosted AI APIs for vision, speech, and NLP.
Which model provides virtual machines to customers?SaaSPaaSIaaSNaaSC) IaaSInfrastructure as a Service gives users control over virtualized hardware.
What does auto-scaling in cloud systems do?Tracks billingAdjusts resources with demand Handles user sessions Encrypts dataB) Adjusts resources with demandAuto-scaling ensures efficient resource allocation based on traffic.
Which is an example of a PaaS service?DropboxGoogle App EngineAWS EC2SalesforceB) Google App EnginePaaS provides a platform for developers to deploy apps easily.
Cloud elasticity refers to:Fixed resourcesDynamic resource scalingHigh bandwidthRedundant storageB) Dynamic resource scalingElasticity allows cloud resources to grow or shrink on demand.
Which layer manages virtualization?ApplicationPlatformInfrastructure UserC) InfrastructureThe infrastructure layer handles virtual servers, storage, and networking
Which service model offers both hardware and software over the internet?IaaSPaaSSaaSDaaSC) SaaSSaaS delivers complete software solutions like Google Workspace.
Virtualization in cloud computing allows:Direct hardware accessResource sharing among VMsOnly storage optimizationStatic computingB) Resource sharing among VMsVirtualization enables multiple systems to share physical resources.
AWS, Azure, and Google Cloud are examples of:Private cloudsHybrid networksPublic cloud providersIaaS onlyC) Public cloud providersThey offer on-demand cloud resources for public use.
Which protocol is widely used for cloud file transfer?HTTPTCPSFTPFTPC) SFTPSecure File Transfer Protocol ensures encrypted data transfer in the cloud.
What does “multi-tenancy” mean in cloud systems?One user per serverMultiple users sharing the same resourcesEach user has unique hardwareNone of theseB) Multiple users sharing the same resourcesMulti-tenancy allows shared infrastructure while isolating user data securely.
Which cloud model combines private and public environments?Hybrid cloudPrivate cloudCommunity cloud Distributed cloudA) Hybrid cloudHybrid clouds integrate both private and public models for flexibility.
Edge computing improves:Centralized processingLatency and response timeStorage costBandwidth consumptionB) Latency and response timeProcessing data near the source reduces delays.
Data redundancy in cloud ensures:Security riskFaster loginHigh availabilityCost reduction onlyC) High availabilityStoring data copies across zones ensures uptime and recovery.
In cloud computing, what does “multi-tenancy” mean?One user per systemMultiple users sharing resources Separate infrastructure for each clientRedundant backupsB) Multiple users sharing resourcesMulti-tenancy allows multiple clients to share the same hardware while keeping data isolated.
Which of the following ensures on-demand scalability in the cloud?CachingVirtualizationLoad balancingElastic provisioningD) Elastic provisioningElastic provisioning allows resources to be added or removed automatically as demand fluctuates.
Which cloud provider introduced the “Compute Engine” service?AWS Google CloudAzureOracle CloudB) Google CloudCompute Engine is Google Cloud’s virtual machine service for scalable computing.
What is a primary concern when migrating legacy apps to the cloud?Increased performanceCompatibility issuesReduced security riskLower latencyB) Compatibility issuesLegacy systems often depend on specific environments not easily replicated in cloud infrastructure.
Which service model offers virtual machines?SaaSPaaSIaaSNaaSC) IaaSInfrastructure as a Service provides virtualized computing resources.
What does elasticity in cloud computing refer to?Data redundancyResource scalingSoftware flexibilityNetwork speedB) Resource scalingElasticity allows automatic scaling of resources based on demand.
The primary advantage of cloud virtualization is:Increased hardware dependencyResource isolation Manual deploymentLimited scalabilityB) Resource isolationVirtualization allows multiple OS environments to run independently on one host.
Which of the following is an example of PaaS?Google Compute EngineMicrosoft AzureHerokuAWS EC2C) HerokuHeroku provides a platform for application deployment — a Platform as a Service model.
Elasticity in cloud computing means:Scaling resources automaticallyFixed resource allocationConstant speedBackup storageA) Scaling resources automaticallyElasticity enables automatic up/down scaling based on user demand.
What type of cloud is shared among organizations with similar goals?PublicPrivateCommunityHybridC) CommunityCommunity clouds serve groups with shared missions, policies, or interests.
What does SaaS stand for?Software as a System Service as a SoftwareSoftware as a ServiceServer as a ServiceC) Software as a ServiceSaaS delivers software over the internet on a subscription basis.
The virtualization layer in a cloud is managed by:HypervisorRouter CompilerGatewayA) HypervisorHypervisors manage and allocate virtual machines on physical hardware.
The main benefit of cloud elasticity is:Fixed resourcesManual scalingAutomatic scalingReduced performanceC) Automatic scalingElasticity automatically adjusts computing power based on demand.
Which of the following is a public cloud provider?VMwareGoogle Cloud OpenStackHadoopB) Google CloudGoogle Cloud is a public cloud offering computing and storage services.