BOTANY ONE LINER MCQS
Botany one liner mcqs is the scientific study of plants — from microscopic cells to large ecosystems.
This collection of Botany One Liner MCQs helps students revise key facts in a fast and effective way. Moreover, each question covers topics such as plant physiology, anatomy, genetics, ecology, and classification. These short and clear questions are perfect for entry-test, CSS, PMS, MDCAT, and university admission preparation.
Furthermore, regular practice of one-liner MCQs improves memory and strengthens your understanding of plant science. In addition, go through the questions carefully and note tricky facts that often repeat in exams. Therefore, consistent study will enhance your confidence in the subject. Also, let’s begin exploring the fascinating world of plants through these quick-review questions. Finally, you can check more MCQs here for continued learning.
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Botany one liner mcqs study of plants, including their structure, physiology, genetics, ecology, distribution, and classification. Botanists explore how plants grow, reproduce, and interact with the environment. The knowledge of botany helps in agriculture, forestry, and medicine.
What is the study of plants called?
Answer: BotanyThe process by which green plants make their own food is called:
Answer: PhotosynthesisWhich pigment gives plants their green color?
Answer: ChlorophyllThe part of a plant that anchors it to the ground is the:
Answer: RootWhich plant organ is mainly responsible for photosynthesis?
Answer: LeafThe reproductive organ of a flowering plant is the:
Answer: FlowerWhich gas is released during photosynthesis?
Answer: OxygenThe movement of water through a plant from roots to leaves is called:
Answer: TranspirationThe outermost layer of a root or stem is the:
Answer: EpidermisA plant that lives for more than two years is called a:
Answer: PerennialThe process of transfer of pollen grains from anther to stigma is:
Answer: PollinationWhich part of the plant conducts water and minerals?
Answer: XylemWhich part of the plant conducts food?
Answer: PhloemPlants that grow in water are called:
Answer: HydrophytesThe male reproductive part of a flower is called:
Answer: StamenThe female reproductive part of a flower is called:
Answer: PistilWhat type of plant completes its life cycle in one season?
Answer: AnnualThe study of fungi is known as:
Answer: MycologyWhich plant part develops into a fruit after fertilization?
Answer: OvaryWhich plant hormone promotes cell elongation?
Answer: Auxin
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Botany one liner mcqs studies plants, their life processes, structure, reproduction, and adaptations. It helps understand ecosystems, agriculture, and medicinal plants.
Which plant tissue stores food?
Answer: Parenchyma
Explanation: Parenchyma cells store starch, oils, and water in plants.Guard cells regulate:
Answer: Opening and closing of stomata
Explanation: Guard cells control gas exchange and transpiration.Phototropism is the growth of a plant towards:
Answer: Light
Explanation: Auxin hormone causes cells to elongate on the shaded side.Plants that complete their life cycle in two years are:
Answer: Biennials
Explanation: Biennials grow vegetatively first year and reproduce second year.The plant hormone responsible for fruit ripening is:
Answer: Ethylene
Explanation: Ethylene promotes ripening and leaf abscission.Plants that live on rocks or walls are called:
Answer: Lithophytes
Explanation: Lithophytes grow on rocky surfaces and get nutrients from rain and debris.Nastic movement in plants is caused by:
Answer: Stimulus intensity
Explanation: Nastic movements (like Mimosa leaves folding) are non-directional responses.Xylem is composed of:
Answer: Tracheids and vessels
Explanation: These structures transport water and minerals.Phloem includes:
Answer: Sieve tubes and companion cells
Explanation: Phloem conducts organic food to other parts of the plant.Which part of a plant absorbs light for photosynthesis?
Answer: Chloroplast
Explanation: Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll for energy absorption.Root hairs develop from:
Answer: Epidermis
Explanation: Epidermal cells form root hairs to increase absorption.Plants with needle-like leaves are usually:
Answer: Conifers
Explanation: Needle leaves reduce water loss in dry/cold environments.Asexual reproduction in plants occurs through:
Answer: Vegetative propagation
Explanation: New plants grow from roots, stems, or leaves without seeds.Secondary metabolites in plants include:
Answer: Alkaloids and tannins
Explanation: These compounds protect plants and have medicinal uses.The main storage organ in potato is:
Answer: Tuber
Explanation: Tubers are swollen underground stems storing food.Nitrogen-fixing bacteria are found in:
Answer: Root nodules of legumes
Explanation: Bacteria convert atmospheric nitrogen into usable forms for plants.Plants that grow in salty water are:
Answer: Halophytes
Explanation: Halophytes are adapted to high-salt environments.Apical meristem is located at:
Answer: Tip of root and shoot
Explanation: It is responsible for primary growth (length).Which plant exhibits C4 photosynthesis?
Answer: Maize
Explanation: C4 plants minimize photorespiration in hot climates.The phenomenon of water loss through leaves is:
Answer: Transpiration
Explanation: Transpiration helps in nutrient transport and cooling the plant.
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Botany one liner mcqs studies plants, their life processes, structure, reproduction, and adaptations. It helps understand ecosystems, agriculture, and medicinal plants.
Which plant tissue stores food?
Answer: Parenchyma
Explanation: Parenchyma cells store starch, oils, and water in plants.Guard cells regulate:
Answer: Opening and closing of stomata
Explanation: Guard cells control gas exchange and transpiration.Phototropism is the growth of a plant towards:
Answer: Light
Explanation: Auxin hormone causes cells to elongate on the shaded side.Plants that complete their life cycle in two years are:
Answer: Biennials
Explanation: Biennials grow vegetatively first year and reproduce second year.The plant hormone responsible for fruit ripening is:
Answer: Ethylene
Explanation: Ethylene promotes ripening and leaf abscission.Plants that live on rocks or walls are called:
Answer: Lithophytes
Explanation: Lithophytes grow on rocky surfaces and get nutrients from rain and debris.Nastic movement in plants is caused by:
Answer: Stimulus intensity
Explanation: Nastic movements (like Mimosa leaves folding) are non-directional responses.Xylem is composed of:
Answer: Tracheids and vessels
Explanation: These structures transport water and minerals.Phloem includes:
Answer: Sieve tubes and companion cells
Explanation: Phloem conducts organic food to other parts of the plant.Which part of a plant absorbs light for photosynthesis?
Answer: Chloroplast
Explanation: Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll for energy absorption.Root hairs develop from:
Answer: Epidermis
Explanation: Epidermal cells form root hairs to increase absorption.Plants with needle-like leaves are usually:
Answer: Conifers
Explanation: Needle leaves reduce water loss in dry/cold environments.Asexual reproduction in plants occurs through:
Answer: Vegetative propagation
Explanation: New plants grow from roots, stems, or leaves without seeds.Secondary metabolites in plants include:
Answer: Alkaloids and tannins
Explanation: These compounds protect plants and have medicinal uses.The main storage organ in potato is:
Answer: Tuber
Explanation: Tubers are swollen underground stems storing food.Nitrogen-fixing bacteria are found in:
Answer: Root nodules of legumes
Explanation: Bacteria convert atmospheric nitrogen into usable forms for plants.Plants that grow in salty water are:
Answer: Halophytes
Explanation: Halophytes are adapted to high-salt environments.Apical meristem is located at:
Answer: Tip of root and shoot
Explanation: It is responsible for primary growth (length).Which plant exhibits C4 photosynthesis?
Answer: Maize
Explanation: C4 plants minimize photorespiration in hot climates.The phenomenon of water loss through leaves is:
Answer: Transpiration
Explanation: Transpiration helps in nutrient transport and cooling the plant.
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These Botany one liner mcqs focuses on plant structure, growth, classification, reproduction, and the biological processes that allow plants to survive and adapt.
- The powerhouse of the plant cell is:
Answer: Mitochondria
Explanation: Mitochondria generate energy through respiration. - The green color of leaves is due to:
Answer: Chlorophyll
Explanation: Chlorophyll absorbs sunlight for photosynthesis. - Which tissue transports food in plants?
Answer: Phloem
Explanation: Phloem carries sugars from leaves to other parts. - Plants that live in water are called:
Answer: Hydrophytes
Explanation: These plants show adaptations like thin cuticles. - The process of water loss from leaves is:
Answer: Transpiration
Explanation: Water evaporates through stomata. - The male reproductive part of a flower is:
Answer: Stamen
Explanation: It consists of anther and filament. - Which part becomes a seed after fertilization?
Answer: Ovule
Explanation: The fertilized ovule develops into a seed. - The term angiosperms refers to:
Answer: Flowering plants
Explanation: They produce flowers and enclosed seeds. - Which plant hormone causes stem elongation?
Answer: Auxin
Explanation: Auxins promote cell elongation. - Most plants absorb nitrogen in the form of:
Answer: Nitrates
Explanation: Soil bacteria convert nitrogen to nitrates. - The study of fruits is called:
Answer: Pomology
Explanation: It deals with fruit development and cultivation. - The leaf arrangement on the stem is:
Answer: Phyllotaxy
Explanation: It describes how leaves are positioned. - Mosses reproduce through:
Answer: Spores
Explanation: Mosses are non-vascular and form spores. - What protects the root tip?
Answer: Root cap
Explanation: It covers and protects the meristem. - The main function of xylem is to carry:
Answer: Water
Explanation: Xylem transports water upward. - The study of pollen grains is:
Answer: Palynology
Explanation: Used in plant research and fossil studies. - Which pigment absorbs blue and green light?
Answer: Carotenoids
Explanation: Accessory pigments that assist photosynthesis. - The edible part of an apple is:
Answer: Thalamus
Explanation: It forms the fleshy part of the fruit. - The movement of plant roots towards gravity is:
Answer: Geotropism
Explanation: Roots show positive geotropism. - The main organ of photosynthesis is:
Answer: Leaf
Explanation: It contains chloroplasts for food production.
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These Botany one liner mcqs explores plant life, including cell structure, plant physiology, classification, reproduction, and ecological importance.
- The basic unit of plant life is:
Answer: Cell
Explanation: All plant structures are built from cells. - Plant cell walls are mainly made of:
Answer: Cellulose
Explanation: It provides strength and support. - The part of the flower that develops into seeds is:
Answer: Ovule
Explanation: Fertilized ovules become seeds. - The opening on leaves for gas exchange is called:
Answer: Stomata
Explanation: Controls CO₂, O₂ exchange and water loss. - Which organelle stores pigments in flowers?
Answer: Chromoplast
Explanation: Contains pigments that give colors. - The process of making food in plants is:
Answer: Photosynthesis
Explanation: Converts sunlight into chemical energy. - Which tissue is responsible for upward water movement?
Answer: Xylem
Explanation: Water moves from root to shoot. - The dormant part of a seed is the:
Answer: Embryo
Explanation: It becomes a new plant during germination. - The edible part of onion is a:
Answer: Modified leaf
Explanation: Onion bulb consists of fleshy leaves. - Tubers store:
Answer: Starch
Explanation: Potatoes store starch as food. - Leaves that form traps in insectivorous plants are:
Answer: Modified leaves
Explanation: Adapted to catch insects. - Which plant lacks true roots, stems, leaves?
Answer: Algae
Explanation: Simple photosynthetic organisms. - The transfer of pollen within the same flower is:
Answer: Self-pollination
Explanation: Pollen stays on the same plant. - Dark reaction of photosynthesis occurs in:
Answer: Stroma
Explanation: Calvin cycle takes place here. - Plant cells remain turgid due to:
Answer: Osmosis
Explanation: Water enters cells, creating pressure. - Which part shows primary growth?
Answer: Apical meristem
Explanation: Causes increase in plant length. - Plants that shed leaves annually are called:
Answer: Deciduous
Explanation: Leaves fall in autumn or dry season. - The red color in tomatoes comes from:
Answer: Lycopene
Explanation: A carotenoid pigment. - Which process forms fruits without fertilization?
Answer: Parthenocarpy
Explanation: Produces seedless fruits. - Legumes increase soil fertility by fixing:
Answer: Nitrogen
Explanation: Rhizobium bacteria in roots fix nitrogen.
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Botany one liner mcqs focuses on the study of plants, including their anatomy, physiology, reproduction, evolution, and ecological importance.
- The protein-making structures in plant cells are called:
Answer: Ribosomes
Explanation: Ribosomes synthesize proteins essential for cell functions. - The main function of root hairs is:
Answer: Absorption of water
Explanation: Root hairs increase surface area for water uptake. - Which sugar is formed in photosynthesis?
Answer: Glucose
Explanation: Plants convert CO₂ and water into glucose. - Plants that grow in salty environments are called:
Answer: Halophytes
Explanation: Halophytes tolerate high salinity. - Which part of the flower becomes the seed?
Answer: Ovule
Explanation: After fertilization, ovule develops into a seed. - The plant hormone that induces cell division is:
Answer: Cytokinin
Explanation: Cytokinins stimulate cell division and growth. - The outermost protective plant tissue is:
Answer: Dermal tissue
Explanation: It protects against injury and water loss. - Which pigment gives red color to leaves?
Answer: Anthocyanin
Explanation: Anthocyanins provide red, purple, and blue colors. - Respiration in plants occurs in:
Answer: Mitochondria
Explanation: Mitochondria release energy from food. - The tallest trees belong to which group?
Answer: Gymnosperms
Explanation: Redwoods and sequoias are gymnosperms. - Which tissue transports food in plants?
Answer: Phloem
Explanation: Phloem carries sugars from leaves to other parts. - Which plant shows thigmotropism?
Answer: Climbing plants
Explanation: They respond to touch for support. - Sunflower showing movement towards sunlight is:
Answer: Phototropism
Explanation: Shoots bend toward light for photosynthesis. - The term for a plant completing life cycle in one season:
Answer: Annual
Explanation: Annuals grow, flower, and die in one year. - The reproductive unit of fungi-like plants is:
Answer: Spore
Explanation: Spores help in asexual reproduction. - Which nutrient is essential for chlorophyll formation?
Answer: Magnesium
Explanation: Magnesium is core element of chlorophyll molecule. - Stomata mostly open during:
Answer: Daytime
Explanation: They open for gas exchange during light hours. - The seedling’s first root is called:
Answer: Radicle
Explanation: Radicle anchors the plant and absorbs water. - The study of plant diseases is called:
Answer: Plant Pathology
Explanation: It deals with causes and control of plant diseases. - The fruit formed without fertilization is called:
Answer: Parthenocarpic fruit
Explanation: Example: banana.
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Botany one liner mcqs explores plant life, covering plant structure, energy production, reproduction, evolution, and ecological importance in ecosystems.
- The green tissue inside leaves where photosynthesis occurs is:
Answer: Mesophyll
Explanation: Mesophyll cells contain many chloroplasts. - The process where plants lose water through stomata is:
Answer: Transpiration
Explanation: It regulates temperature and moves water upward. - Which plant hormone causes stem elongation?
Answer: Auxin
Explanation: Auxins promote cell elongation. - The organism that converts dead plants into nutrients is:
Answer: Decomposer
Explanation: They recycle nutrients back to soil. - Which part of the seed protects the embryo?
Answer: Seed coat
Explanation: It guards against physical damage and dryness. - Legumes improve soil fertility by:
Answer: Nitrogen fixation
Explanation: Rhizobium bacteria fix nitrogen in their root nodules. - Which plant structure absorbs light energy?
Answer: Chloroplast
Explanation: Contains chlorophyll. - The male part of a flower is called:
Answer: Stamen
Explanation: Includes anther and filament. - What is the main function of phloem?
Answer: Transport of food
Explanation: Carries sugars from leaves to other parts. - A plant showing sleep movement at night is:
Answer: Nyctinasty
Explanation: Caused by changes in turgor pressure. - Which plants grow on other plants but are not parasites?
Answer: Epiphytes
Explanation: They use other plants only for support. - The biggest seed in the plant kingdom is from:
Answer: Coco de mer
Explanation: Known for its giant seed. - Which pigment reflects yellow-orange light?
Answer: Carotenoids
Explanation: Helps in light absorption. - The process of water movement through a plant is called:
Answer: Ascent of sap
Explanation: Xylem moves water upward. - Cactus stem is modified for:
Answer: Water storage
Explanation: Succulents store water in stems. - Which part of the root senses gravity?
Answer: Root cap
Explanation: It helps direct downward growth. - The first stage of photosynthesis is:
Answer: Light reaction
Explanation: Light energy splits water molecules. - Which organelle stores starch in plants?
Answer: Amyloplast
Explanation: Specialized for starch storage. - Plants that complete life cycle in two years are:
Answer: Biennials
Explanation: First year growth, second year reproduction. - The study of algae is called:
Answer: Phycology
Explanation: Branch of botany dealing with algae.
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Botany one liner mcqs explains how plants grow, function, reproduce, and interact with their surroundings, helping us understand plant life from cells to ecosystems.
- The sugar transported in phloem is mainly:
Answer: Sucrose
Explanation: Plants convert glucose into sucrose for transport. - The plant organ responsible for anchoring is:
Answer: Root
Explanation: Provides support and absorbs nutrients. - Which plant hormone inhibits growth?
Answer: Abscisic acid
Explanation: Causes dormancy and prevents seed germination. - The opening in stems for gas exchange is:
Answer: Lenticels
Explanation: Visible pores in woody stems. - The smallest unit of heredity in plants is:
Answer: Gene
Explanation: Genes control traits inherited by offspring. - The red pigment in tomatoes is:
Answer: Lycopene
Explanation: A carotenoid responsible for red color. - Plants that grow in wet areas are called:
Answer: Hydrophytes
Explanation: Adapted to waterlogged environments. - The fruit of cotton is called:
Answer: Capsule
Explanation: It splits open to release seeds. - The first step of respiration in plant cells is:
Answer: Glycolysis
Explanation: Breaks glucose into pyruvate. - What do guard cells regulate?
Answer: Stomatal opening
Explanation: Control gas exchange and water loss. - The plant tissue that stores food is:
Answer: Parenchyma
Explanation: Found in roots, stems, fruits. - Which plant part turns into cloves in garlic?
Answer: Bulb
Explanation: Modified underground stem. - Plants that lack flowers are:
Answer: Cryptogams
Explanation: Reproduce by spores. - Which structure protects the flower bud?
Answer: Sepals
Explanation: Form the calyx. - The process of water absorption by roots is aided by:
Answer: Osmosis
Explanation: Water moves from higher to lower concentration. - The edible part of an onion is:
Answer: Modified leaf
Explanation: Fleshy leaves store food. - The study of tree rings is called:
Answer: Dendrochronology
Explanation: Used to determine tree age. - The plant cell wall is mainly made of:
Answer: Cellulose
Explanation: Provides strength and rigidity. - Tendrils in pea plants are modified:
Answer: Leaves
Explanation: Help in climbing. - The movement of plant roots toward water is:
Answer: Hydrotropism
Explanation: Roots grow toward moisture.
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Botany one liner mcqs explores the structure, evolution, classification, and physiology of plants, helping us understand their role in ecosystems and human life.
- The plant tissue responsible for healing wounds is:
Answer: Callus tissue
Explanation: Callus forms at injury sites and helps regenerate tissue. - The scientific study of fungi is called:
Answer: Mycology
Explanation: Mycology deals with fungal biology, structure, and reproduction. - Which part of the plant senses gravity?
Answer: Root cap
Explanation: Root cap cells detect gravity, guiding root growth downward. - The term “angiosperm” means plants with:
Answer: Enclosed seeds
Explanation: Angiosperms produce seeds inside fruits. - Which organelles store pigments in plants?
Answer: Chromoplasts
Explanation: Chromoplasts contain carotenoids responsible for red, orange, and yellow colors. - The process of loss of water from leaves as droplets is:
Answer: Guttation
Explanation: Guttation occurs through hydathodes during high root pressure. - Cork is formed by:
Answer: Phellogen
Explanation: Cork cambium (phellogen) produces protective cork cells. - Which molecule is the final acceptor of electrons in photosynthesis?
Answer: NADP⁺
Explanation: NADP⁺ is reduced to NADPH in the light reactions. - The male gamete in flowering plants is found in:
Answer: Pollen grain
Explanation: Pollen holds male gametes delivered during fertilization. - A plant that grows on another plant but is not parasitic:
Answer: Epiphyte
Explanation: Epiphytes obtain moisture and nutrients from air and rain. - The smallest unit of classification is:
Answer: Species
Explanation: Species represent groups of similar organisms capable of interbreeding. - Lenticels are used for:
Answer: Gas exchange
Explanation: They allow oxygen entry into stems. - Which element is essential for chlorophyll synthesis?
Answer: Magnesium
Explanation: Magnesium is the central atom in chlorophyll. - The type of fruit formed from a single ovary is:
Answer: Simple fruit
Explanation: Simple fruits like mango and peach come from one ovary. - The plant kingdom is also known as:
Answer: Plantae
Explanation: Plantae includes all plants. - A spore-producing plant is:
Answer: Fern
Explanation: Ferns reproduce through spores, not seeds. - The region of rapid cell division in roots is:
Answer: Apical meristem
Explanation: Meristems are growth zones of plants. - The movement of plants toward light is:
Answer: Phototropism
Explanation: Auxin causes bending toward the light source. - Algae belong to which group?
Answer: Thallophyta
Explanation: Thallophytes have simple bodies without true tissues.
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Botany one liner mcqs investigates how plants grow, reproduce, adapt, and interact with the environment, helping us understand plant biology and their importance to ecosystems.
- The plant tissue mainly responsible for food transport is:
Answer: Phloem
Explanation: Phloem carries sugars from leaves to other parts. - The green color of leaves is due to:
Answer: Chlorophyll a & b
Explanation: These pigments absorb light during photosynthesis. - Which part of a flower becomes the seed?
Answer: Ovule
Explanation: After fertilization, ovule develops into seed. - Gymnosperms produce:
Answer: Naked seeds
Explanation: Their seeds are not enclosed in fruits. - The functional unit of a leaf is:
Answer: Mesophyll
Explanation: Mesophyll contains chloroplasts for photosynthesis. - The plant hormone responsible for cell elongation is:
Answer: Auxin
Explanation: Auxin promotes growth, especially in shoots. - A fruit that develops without fertilization is called:
Answer: Parthenocarpic fruit
Explanation: These fruits are seedless, like bananas. - Which plant group uses spores for reproduction?
Answer: Bryophytes
Explanation: Mosses and liverworts reproduce via spores. - The process that moves minerals upward in plants is:
Answer: Transpiration pull
Explanation: Loss of water creates pressure pulling water up. - Which pigment gives red color to fruits like tomatoes?
Answer: Lycopene
Explanation: Lycopene is a carotenoid responsible for red coloration. - The root that grows from branches or leaves is:
Answer: Adventitious root
Explanation: These roots help in propagation and support. - Which plant is insectivorous?
Answer: Venus flytrap
Explanation: It traps insects to obtain nitrogen. - The outer covering of seeds is called:
Answer: Testa
Explanation: The seed coat protects the embryo. - Which cell organelle stores starch?
Answer: Amyloplast
Explanation: Amyloplasts store starch grains. - The movement of pollen tube is guided by:
Answer: Chemotropism
Explanation: Chemicals from ovule attract the pollen tube. - Which plant tissue provides maximum strength?
Answer: Sclerenchyma
Explanation: Thick lignified walls give mechanical support. - The process of losing leaves in autumn is called:
Answer: Abscission
Explanation: Abscission helps reduce water loss. - Which algae are used to make agar?
Answer: Red algae
Explanation: Agar is extracted from Rhodophyceae. - The swollen base of a flower is:
Answer: Thalamus
Explanation: It supports floral organs. - Which plant part is mainly modified for reproduction?
Answer: Flower
Explanation: Flowers contain male and female reproductive organs.
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Botany one liner mcqs explains plant life—how plants grow, adapt, reproduce, and support ecosystems through photosynthesis, respiration, and nutrient cycles.
- The main function of guard cells is:
Answer: Opening and closing stomata
Explanation: Guard cells regulate gas exchange and water loss. - The largest plant cell is:
Answer: Egg cell
Explanation: Female gametes in plants are typically the largest cells. - The part of root that absorbs most water is:
Answer: Root hair zone
Explanation: Root hairs increase surface area for absorption. - Which sugar is produced during photosynthesis?
Answer: Glucose
Explanation: Plants convert CO₂ + water into glucose. - The protective outer covering of a seedling is:
Answer: Coleoptile
Explanation: It protects monocot shoots during germination. - Annual rings in trees are formed by:
Answer: Secondary growth
Explanation: They appear due to seasonal activity of vascular cambium. - Which plant hormone is used in fruit thinning?
Answer: Auxin
Explanation: Auxin helps regulate fruit load. - The arrangement of leaves on a stem is called:
Answer: Phyllotaxy
Explanation: It describes leaf positioning patterns. - The stalk of a leaf is known as:
Answer: Petiole
Explanation: Petiole connects leaf blade to stem. - Which plant part stores food in onions?
Answer: Bulb
Explanation: Bulbs contain fleshy leaves storing nutrients. - Lichen is an association of:
Answer: Algae and fungi
Explanation: Mutualism helps both survive. - The tissue that stores fat-like substances is:
Answer: Elaioplast
Explanation: Elaioplasts store lipids. - The male part of the flower is called:
Answer: Androecium
Explanation: It includes stamens. - Which pigment absorbs blue and red light?
Answer: Chlorophyll
Explanation: Chlorophyll absorbs specific wavelengths for photosynthesis. - The first formed primary xylem is:
Answer: Protoxylem
Explanation: It develops before metaxylem. - The life cycle of moss is:
Answer: Haplo-diplontic
Explanation: Both gametophyte and sporophyte phases occur. - Which plant moves leaves when touched?
Answer: Mimosa pudica
Explanation: It shows rapid thigmonastic movement. - The transfer of male gametes through pollen tube is:
Answer: Siphonogamy
Explanation: Gametes travel inside pollen tube to ovule. - Which element helps in nitrogen fixation?
Answer: Molybdenum
Explanation: Mo activates enzymes in nitrogen-fixing bacteria. - Plants opening stomata at night follow:
Answer: CAM pathway
Explanation: CAM plants conserve water in deserts.
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Botany one liner mcqs explores plant life, including plant tissues, photosynthesis, genetics, reproduction, physiology, and ecological importance.
- Stomata are mainly present on:
Answer: Lower surface of leaves
Explanation: Most plants reduce water loss by having stomata on the underside. - The powerhouse of plant cells is:
Answer: Mitochondria
Explanation: It produces ATP through respiration. - The green pigment in plants is:
Answer: Chlorophyll
Explanation: Chlorophyll absorbs sunlight for photosynthesis. - Xylem transports:
Answer: Water and minerals
Explanation: Xylem vessels move water from roots to leaves. - Phloem transports:
Answer: Food (glucose)
Explanation: Phloem carry sugars from leaves to other parts. - Plants that grow in salty environments are called:
Answer: Halophytes
Explanation: They tolerate high salt concentrations. - The outer protective layer of roots is:
Answer: Epidermis
Explanation: It protects root tissues and absorbs water. - Guttation occurs through:
Answer: Hydathodes
Explanation: Excess water is released as droplets. - CAM photosynthesis is common in:
Answer: Xerophytes
Explanation: They open stomata at night to conserve water. - The reproductive organ of a flower is:
Answer: Flower
Explanation: It contains male and female structures. - The male part of a flower is called:
Answer: Stamen
Explanation: It produces pollen. - The female part of a flower is:
Answer: Pistil
Explanation: Contains ovary, style, stigma. - The process of seed sprouting is:
Answer: Germination
Explanation: A seed develops into a seedling. - Dicots have:
Answer: Two cotyledons
Explanation: They show branched veins and taproots. - Monocots have:
Answer: One cotyledon
Explanation: They show parallel veins and fibrous roots. - The movement of water across a membrane is:
Answer: Osmosis
Explanation: Water moves from low solute to high solute concentration. - Plants make their own food, so they are:
Answer: Autotrophs
Explanation: They produce glucose via photosynthesis. - Plants store glucose as:
Answer: Starch
Explanation: Starch is stored in leaves, seeds, and roots. - Which tissue provides support?
Answer: Collenchyma
Explanation: It strengthens growing plant parts. - Which gas is released in photosynthesis?
Answer: Oxygen
Explanation: Released when water splits during the light reaction.
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Botany one liner mcqs covers plant anatomy, physiology, ecology, evolution, reproduction, and the biochemical processes that support plant life.
- The tissue responsible for secondary growth is:
Answer: Vascular cambium
Explanation: It produces new xylem and phloem. - The movement of leaves in response to light is called:
Answer: Phototropism
Explanation: Stems bend toward light for better photosynthesis. - The plant hormone that promotes cell elongation is:
Answer: Auxin
Explanation: Auxin softens cell walls, enabling growth. - Which carbohydrate is transported in phloem?
Answer: Sucrose
Explanation: It is the main transport form of sugar. - The organelle responsible for photosynthesis is:
Answer: Chloroplast
Explanation: Contains chlorophyll pigments. - Mosses belong to which group?
Answer: Bryophytes
Explanation: Non-vascular plants with simple structures. - The first product of photosynthesis is:
Answer: Glucose
Explanation: Plants convert CO₂ and water into glucose. - Which plants lack true roots, stems, leaves?
Answer: Thallophytes
Explanation: Examples include algae. - Plants that complete their life cycle in one season are:
Answer: Annuals
Explanation: They grow, flower, and die within one year. - The process of water loss through leaves is:
Answer: Transpiration
Explanation: It occurs mainly through stomata. - Which nitrogen-fixing bacteria live in legume roots?
Answer: Rhizobium
Explanation: Forms nodules and fixes nitrogen. - The seed part that becomes the root:
Answer: Radicle
Explanation: It grows downward forming the root system. - Which pigment gives plants a yellow-orange color?
Answer: Carotenoids
Explanation: They absorb excess light for protection. - Spore-producing plants are called:
Answer: Pteridophytes
Explanation: Ferns reproduce by spores. - The opening of stomata is controlled by:
Answer: Guard cells
Explanation: They swell or shrink to open/close stomata. - The study of fungi is called:
Answer: Mycology
Explanation: Deals with yeast, mold, mushrooms. - The tissue storing food in seeds:
Answer: Endosperm
Explanation: Provides nutrients to the embryo. - Which plants grow in water?
Answer: Hydrophytes
Explanation: Examples: lotus, water lily. - The waxy layer preventing water loss is:
Answer: Cuticle
Explanation: Present on leaf surfaces. - Which structure absorbs water for mosses?
Answer: Rhizoids
Explanation: They anchor mosses and absorb moisture.
Short Paragraph:
Botany one liner mcqs examines plant diversity, cell structure, metabolism, evolution, taxonomy, and the biochemical processes that sustain plant life.
- The basic unit of heredity in plants is:
Answer: Gene
Explanation: Genes control traits passed from parent to offspring. - Plants that grow on other plants but are not parasitic are:
Answer: Epiphytes
Explanation: They only use host plants for support. - Which cell organelle stores pigments?
Answer: Chromoplast
Explanation: Contains red, yellow pigments (carotenoids). - The process of water movement through xylem due to evaporation:
Answer: Transpiration pull
Explanation: Creates suction force from leaves. - Which element is essential for chlorophyll formation?
Answer: Magnesium
Explanation: It is at the center of the chlorophyll molecule. - Which plant hormone promotes fruit ripening?
Answer: Ethylene
Explanation: A gaseous hormone that accelerates ripening. - Which tissue transports food downward?
Answer: Phloem
Explanation: Carries sucrose to roots and other areas. - The outermost layer of leaf is called:
Answer: Epidermis
Explanation: Protects internal tissues. - Plants that open flowers at night are:
Answer: Nyctinastic plants
Explanation: Respond to daily light-dark cycle. - Which is the site of protein synthesis?
Answer: Ribosomes
Explanation: Present in cytoplasm and chloroplasts. - The study of pollen grains is called:
Answer: Palynology
Explanation: Helps in plant identification and fossil studies. - Ferns reproduce through:
Answer: Spores
Explanation: Found on the underside of leaves. - The central part of the root is:
Answer: Stele
Explanation: Contains xylem and phloem. - The part of the flower that becomes fruit:
Answer: Ovary
Explanation: After fertilization, ovary develops into fruit. - Which pigment absorbs red and blue light?
Answer: Chlorophyll a
Explanation: Main pigment in photosynthesis. - Desert plants conserve water using:
Answer: Thick cuticle
Explanation: Reduces evaporation. - Which process produces ATP in plants?
Answer: Respiration
Explanation: Breaks down glucose for energy. - The study of plant diseases:
Answer: Plant pathology
Explanation: Focuses on fungus, viruses, and bacteria in plants. - Which vascular tissue is dead at maturity?
Answer: Xylem
Explanation: Provides support and water conduction. - The part of the embryo that forms the shoot:
Answer: Plumule
Explanation: Grows upward into the shoot.
Short Paragraph – Botany
Botany one liner mcqs explores plant anatomy, physiology, growth, genetics, and ecological importance, helping us understand plant life and biodiversity.
- The primary function of root hairs is:
Answer: Absorption of water
Explanation: Root hairs increase surface area for water and mineral uptake. - The food-conducting tissue in plants is:
Answer: Phloem
Explanation: Phloem carries sugars from leaves to other parts. - Sugar is produced in which part of the chloroplast?
Answer: Stroma
Explanation: Light-independent reactions synthesize glucose in the stroma. - The plant first to colonize bare land is called:
Answer: Pioneer species
Explanation: These help start ecological succession. - The reproductive organ of a flower is the:
Answer: Stamen and pistil
Explanation: These structures produce gametes. - The scientific term for flowering plants is:
Answer: Angiosperms
Explanation: Angiosperms produce seeds inside fruits. - During drought, stomata usually:
Answer: Close
Explanation: Closure prevents excessive water loss. - Which plant organ stores starch?
Answer: Tuber
Explanation: Tubers like potatoes store excess food. - Which metal ion is essential for chlorophyll formation?
Answer: Magnesium
Explanation: Mg is the central atom in chlorophyll. - In ferns, the dominant life stage is:
Answer: Sporophyte
Explanation: Ferns show sporophyte dominance. - The covering of the seed is called:
Answer: Seed coat
Explanation: It protects the embryo. - The movement of auxin helps in:
Answer: Phototropism
Explanation: Auxin causes stem bending toward light. - The female gamete is formed in:
Answer: Ovule
Explanation: The ovule contains the egg cell. - The term “taxonomy” refers to:
Answer: Classification of organisms
Explanation: Taxonomy organizes plants based on shared traits. - Plants that grow in salty soil are:
Answer: Halophytes
Explanation: They tolerate high salt concentration. - The first product of photosynthesis is:
Answer: Glucose
Explanation: Plants convert CO₂ and water into glucose. - Which plant shows nitrogen fixation?
Answer: Legumes
Explanation: Rhizobium bacteria fix nitrogen in root nodules. - The tissue that provides strength is:
Answer: Sclerenchyma
Explanation: Sclerenchyma cells have thick lignified walls. - The loss of water vapor through stomata is called:
Answer: Transpiration
Explanation: It helps in cooling and nutrient transport. - Tracheids are found in:
Answer: Xylem
Explanation: Tracheids conduct water and provide support.
🌿 Short Paragraph – Botany
Botany studies plant life, including growth, structure, physiology, reproduction, and adaptation, helping us understand biodiversity and ecology.
- The process by which plants lose water in vapor form is:
Answer: Transpiration
Explanation: Water evaporates mainly from leaves to regulate temperature. - Which tissue connects roots to leaves?
Answer: Xylem
Explanation: Transports water and minerals upward. - Which part of the plant stores food?
Answer: Stem and roots
Explanation: Tubers, rhizomes, and bulbs store nutrients. - The pigment responsible for photosynthesis is:
Answer: Chlorophyll
Explanation: Absorbs sunlight to produce glucose. - Plants without vascular tissue are called:
Answer: Bryophytes
Explanation: Mosses and liverworts lack xylem and phloem. - The part of a seed that develops into a shoot is:
Answer: Plumule
Explanation: The embryonic shoot emerges upward during germination. - Which hormone stimulates cell division?
Answer: Cytokinin
Explanation: Promotes growth in shoots and roots. - Which structure protects developing flower buds?
Answer: Sepals
Explanation: Green outer parts shield petals. - The male reproductive part of a flower is:
Answer: Stamen
Explanation: Produces pollen grains. - The female reproductive part of a flower is:
Answer: Pistil
Explanation: Contains ovary, style, and stigma. - Which plants adapt to dry conditions?
Answer: Xerophytes
Explanation: Have thick cuticles and reduced leaves. - Ferns reproduce through:
Answer: Spores
Explanation: Found in sporangia on leaves. - The layer preventing water loss on leaves is:
Answer: Cuticle
Explanation: Waxy coating reduces evaporation. - The transport of food in plants occurs through:
Answer: Phloem
Explanation: Carries sucrose to growing parts. - Which structure anchors plants to the ground?
Answer: Roots
Explanation: Absorb water and provide stability. - Which part of the plant produces seeds?
Answer: Flower
Explanation: Fertilized ovules develop into seeds. - Plants that complete their life cycle in one year are:
Answer: Annuals
Explanation: They germinate, flower, and die in one season. - Which organelle stores starch in plant cells?
Answer: Amyloplast
Explanation: Found in roots and seeds. - The first product of photosynthesis is:
Answer: Glucose
Explanation: Produced from CO₂ and water using sunlight. - Which plant tissue provides mechanical support?
Answer: Sclerenchyma
Explanation: Thick-walled cells strengthen plant organs.
Short Paragraph:
Botany explores plant structure, physiology, reproduction, and adaptations, helping us understand how plants survive, grow, and interact within ecosystems.
The process by which plants release oxygen is:
Answer: Photosynthesis
Explanation: Light energy converts CO₂ and water into glucose and oxygen.Which plastid stores starch?
Answer: Amyloplast
Explanation: Amyloplasts accumulate and store starch grains.The region of a root where cells divide rapidly is:
Answer: Meristematic zone
Explanation: It contains actively dividing cells.The pigment responsible for yellow leaf color is:
Answer: Xanthophyll
Explanation: A yellow carotenoid pigment.The outermost layer of a root is called:
Answer: Epidermis
Explanation: Protects the root and absorbs water.Plants that complete their life cycle in one year are:
Answer: Annuals
Explanation: Finish growth, flowering, and seed formation in one season.The movement of plants in response to touch is:
Answer: Thigmotropism
Explanation: Seen in climbing plants like vines.The part of the seed that stores food is:
Answer: Endosperm
Explanation: Provides nutrients to the embryo.The plant conducting tissue for water is:
Answer: Xylem
Explanation: Moves water from roots to leaves.The stalk that supports a leaf is called:
Answer: Petiole
Explanation: Connects the leaf blade to the stem.The process of conversion of nitrate to nitrogen gas is:
Answer: Denitrification
Explanation: Done by anaerobic bacteria.Plants that grow on other plants but are not parasitic are:
Answer: Epiphytes
Explanation: They depend on host plants only for support.The protective layer covering seeds is:
Answer: Seed coat
Explanation: Prevents drying and damage.The reaction center of photosynthesis is located in:
Answer: Thylakoid membranes
Explanation: Found inside chloroplasts.The structure responsible for plant rigidity is:
Answer: Turgor pressure
Explanation: Water pressure inside cells keeps them firm.Water loss in the form of droplets is called:
Answer: Guttation
Explanation: Occurs through hydathodes at leaf tips.The edible part of a carrot is:
Answer: Taproot
Explanation: Stores food in the root.A fruit that develops without fertilization is:
Answer: Parthenocarpic fruit
Explanation: Seedless fruits like bananas.The enzyme essential for carbon fixation is:
Answer: Rubisco
Explanation: Found in chloroplasts, key to Calvin cycle.The waxy layer on leaves preventing water loss is:
Answer: Cuticle
Explanation: Reduces evaporation.
Conclusion
Finally, these MCQs provide a quick and effective way to review important concepts in plant science. Moreover, from cell structure to plant ecology, each question strengthens your basic understanding and boosts exam confidence. Therefore, keep practicing regularly to memorize key facts and improve your performance in CSS, PMS, MDCAT, and university-level tests. In conclusion, consistency and revision play a vital role in mastering botany concepts.