Which of the following tests is used to determine the consistency and workability of fresh concrete?Compressive Strength Test Flexural Strength Test Slump TestUltrasonic Pulse Velocity Test C) Slump TestThe slump test is a commonly used method to measure the consistency of fresh concrete, which indicates its workability and the amount of water present in the mix.
What is "reinforced concrete" primarily used for in construction?To create transparent building facades.To enhance the tensile strength of concrete, which is weak in tension.To make concrete more lightweight.To improve the insulation properties of concrete.B) To enhance the tensile strength of concrete, which is weak in tension.Reinforced concrete combines the high compressive strength of concrete with the high tensile strength of steel (rebar). This composite material is widely used because it effectively resists both compressive and tensile forces.
Which type of diagram is commonly used in structural analysis to show the internal shear forces and bending moments along the length of a beam?Stress-Strain DiagramP-V Diagram Shear Force and Bending Moment DiagramFlowchartC) Shear Force and Bending Moment DiagramShear force and bending moment diagrams are graphical representations that show how the shear force and bending moment vary along the length of a beam, crucial for structural design and analysis.
What is the main function of a "dam" in civil engineering?To generate electricity from wind.To control water flow, create reservoirs, and generate hydroelectric power.To provide a crossing over a river.To purify wastewater.B) To control water flow, create reservoirs, and generate hydroelectric power.Dams are large barriers constructed across rivers or streams to hold back water, forming reservoirs. They serve multiple purposes, including flood control, irrigation, water supply, and hydroelectric power generation.
Which surveying instrument is used for measuring horizontal and vertical angles?Leveling Instrument (e.g., Dumpy Level)Total StationMeasuring TapeGPS ReceiverB) Total StationA total station is an electronic/optical instrument used in modern surveying to measure slant distances, horizontal, and vertical angles. It is widely used for accurate land surveying, construction layout, and mapping.
What is the primary goal of "traffic engineering" within civil engineering?To design vehicle engines.To manage and optimize the safe and efficient movement of people and goods on transportation networks.To construct new highways without considering existing infrastructure.To analyze the chemical composition of road materials.B) To manage and optimize the safe and efficient movement of people and goods on transportation networks.Traffic engineering is a branch of civil engineering that deals with the planning, design, and operation of traffic on roads, with the aim of achieving safe, efficient, and convenient movement of vehicles and pedestrians.
What is the primary purpose of "geotechnical engineering" in civil engineering projects?To design electrical systems for buildings.To analyze soil and rock mechanics to ensure the stability and safety of foundations and earthworks.To manage construction site logistics.To design heating and ventilation systems.B) To analyze soil and rock mechanics to ensure the stability and safety of foundations and earthworks.Geotechnical engineering is a branch of civil engineering concerned with the engineering behavior of earth materials. It involves investigating subsurface conditions and designing foundations, retaining structures, and other earth-related structures.
Which type of bridge typically uses a series of interconnected triangular units to distribute loads efficiently?Suspension BridgeArch BridgeCable-Stayed BridgeTruss BridgeD) Truss BridgeA truss bridge is a bridge whose load-bearing superstructure is composed of a truss, a structure of connected elements, usually forming triangular units. The elements are typically straight and are joined at nodes.
What is "compaction" of soil primarily done for in civil engineering?To increase the permeability of the soil.To decrease the density and strength of the soil. To increase the density, strength, and bearing capacity of the soil, and reduce settlement.To make the soil more susceptible to erosion. C) To increase the density, strength, and bearing capacity of the soil, and reduce settlement.Soil compaction is the process of increasing the density of soil by forcing soil particles closer together. This improves its strength, reduces compressibility (settlement), and decreases permeability, making it a more stable foundation material.
In wastewater collection systems, what is the primary function of a "manhole"?To prevent odors from escaping the sewer system.To provide access for inspection, maintenance, and ventilation of sewer lines.To treat wastewater before discharge.To measure the flow rate of sewage.B) To provide access for inspection, maintenance, and ventilation of sewer lines.Manholes are confined spaces with removable covers, typically located over sewer lines or other underground utility conduits, allowing personnel to access the system for inspection, cleaning, and repairs.
Which structural element is designed to resist forces that cause twisting or rotation? Beam ColumnSlabTorsion barD) Torsion barWhile beams and columns can experience torsion as secondary effects, a torsion bar is a specific structural element or spring designed to resist twisting forces (torsion) along its axis, often used in vehicle suspensions.
What is a "culvert" used for in civil engineering?To provide a foundation for a building.To carry water under a road, railway, or embankment. To support the weight of a bridge deck.To measure the flow of a river.B) To carry water under a road, railway, or embankment.A culvert is a tunnel or pipe-like structure that allows water to flow from one side of a road or embankment to the other, preventing flooding and erosion.
Which type of structural element is designed to transfer a distributed load from a slab or deck to columns or walls? Beam ColumnFoundationTrussA) Beam A beam is a structural element primarily designed to carry loads applied laterally to the beam's axis. Beams transfer these loads to columns, walls, or other structural supports.
What is the main objective of a "topographical survey" in civil engineering projects?To determine the chemical composition of the soil.To measure the elevations, contours, and physical features of a specific piece of land.To calculate the weight-bearing capacity of a foundation.To analyze the water quality of a nearby river.B) To measure the elevations, contours, and physical features of a specific piece of land.A topographical survey is a type of land survey that identifies and maps the contours and features of the Earth's surface and other objects. This data is essential for planning and design in civil engineering projects.
What is the "slump test" used to measure in concrete?The compressive strength of hardened concrete.The workability or consistency of a fresh concrete mix.The setting time of concrete.The amount of air voids in concrete.B) The workability or consistency of a fresh concrete mix.The slump test is a simple field test used to measure the consistency of fresh concrete. It indicates the workability of the mix, which is crucial for proper placement and compaction without segregation.
In traffic engineering, what is the purpose of a "roundabout"?To force vehicles to slow down and wait for a green light.To replace a four-way intersection with a circular, one-way system that improves traffic flow and safety.To provide a rest area for drivers.To allow pedestrians to cross a road safely. B) To replace a four-way intersection with a circular, one-way system that improves traffic flow and safety.A roundabout is a type of circular intersection or junction in which road traffic flows almost continuously in one direction around a central island. They are designed to improve safety and efficiency by reducing conflict points and allowing traffic to yield instead of stop.
The "ultimate strength" of a material is:The stress at which the material first begins to deform.The maximum stress a material can withstand before fracture.The stress at which the material breaks.The force required to stretch the material by one unit.B) The maximum stress a material can withstand before fracture. Ultimate tensile strength (UTS) is the maximum stress a material can withstand while being stretched or pulled before necking, which is when the cross-section begins to significantly contract.
What is the main purpose of a "truss"?To act as a decorative element.To provide a foundation for a building.To provide a rigid structure that can support a load over a long span.To transport water from one place to another.C) To provide a rigid structure that can support a load over a long span.A truss is a structure composed of members connected at joints. Its primary purpose is to provide stability and support to a large structure.
What is "modulus of elasticity"?A measure of a material's ductility. A measure of a material's hardness.A measure of a material's stiffness.A measure of a material's toughness.C) A measure of a material's stiffness.The modulus of elasticity (Young's modulus) is a measure of the stiffness of a material. It is a ratio of stress to strain.
Which of the following is a type of foundation?TrussBeamPile foundationColumnC) Pile foundationA pile foundation is a type of deep foundation that is used to transfer loads to a more stable soil or rock layer below the surface.
What is a "cantilever beam"? A beam supported at both ends.A beam supported at one end only. A beam that is curved.A beam that is made of steel.B) A beam supported at one end only.A cantilever is a rigid structural element, such as a beam, anchored at only one end to a (usually vertical) support from which it protrudes.
The term "compressive strength" of concrete refers to its ability to withstand: Twisting forces.Pulling forces. Pushing forces.Bending forces.C) Pushing forces. Compressive strength is the capacity of a material to withstand loads tending to reduce its size, such as being pushed together.
What is the purpose of a "purlin" in a roof structure?To provide a foundation for the roof.A horizontal beam that supports the rafters.A vertical support beam.A diagonal support beam.B) A horizontal beam that supports the rafters.Purlins are horizontal structural members in a roof that provide support for the roof deck or sheathing.
The term "soil liquefaction" is a phenomenon that occurs when:Soil is too dry.Soil loses strength and stiffness due to an earthquake.Soil is too wet.Soil is too hard. B) Soil loses strength and stiffness due to an earthquake.Soil liquefaction is a process by which saturated, unconsolidated soil or sand is transformed into a substance that acts like a liquid.
What is the purpose of a "trench" in civil engineering?To provide a foundation for a building.A narrow excavation made in the ground, often for laying pipes or cables.To provide a decorative element in a building. To provide a support for a roof.B) A narrow excavation made in the ground, often for laying pipes or cables.A trench is a long, narrow excavation in the ground, typically for construction work such as laying a foundation or utility lines.
What is "geotechnical engineering"? The branch of civil engineering that deals with the design and construction of roads.The branch of civil engineering that deals with the behavior of earth materials.The branch of civil engineering that deals with the design and construction of bridges.The branch of civil engineering that deals with the design and construction of buildings. B) The branch of civil engineering that deals with the behavior of earth materials.Geotechnical engineering is the branch of civil engineering concerned with the engineering behavior of earth materials. It uses the principles of soil mechanics and rock mechanics.
The term "foundation" refers to the part of a structure that:Provides a decorative base for a building.Transfers the load of the structure to the underlying soil or rock.Provides a stable floor for a building.Protects a building from wind.B) Transfers the load of the structure to the underlying soil or rock.The foundation is a crucial element of any structure, as it ensures the stability and longevity of the building.
What is a "retaining wall"?A wall that supports a roof. A wall that holds back soil or rock from a slope.A wall that divides a building into rooms. A wall that is made of stone.B) A wall that holds back soil or rock from a slope.A retaining wall is a structure designed and constructed to resist the lateral pressure of soil when there is a desired change in ground elevation that exceeds the angle of repose of the soil.
What is the main purpose of "curing concrete"?To make the concrete dry faster.To make the concrete softer.To ensure proper hydration and strength development of the concrete.To add a decorative finish to the concrete.C) To ensure proper hydration and strength development of the concrete. Curing is the process of maintaining adequate moisture and temperature in concrete for a period of time after it has been placed to allow the cement to fully hydrate and develop strength.
The term "rebar" is a common name for: ConcreteCementReinforcing steel bars BricksC) Reinforcing steel barsRebar, or reinforcing bar, is a steel bar or mesh used to reinforce concrete and other masonry structures.
The term "beam" in structural engineering is a horizontal member that is primarily subjected to:Axial compression. Bending.Torsion. Shearing. B) Bending.A beam is a structural element that primarily resists loads applied laterally to the beam's axis.
What is the main purpose of a "dam"?To provide a foundation for a building.To provide a decorative element in a building.To hold back water, creating a reservoir.To provide a support for a roof.C) To hold back water, creating a reservoir.A dam is a barrier that impounds water or underground streams.
The term "revetment" in coastal engineering refers to:A type of breakwater. A sloping structure placed on embankments to absorb the energy of waves.A type of pier.A type of dock.B) A sloping structure placed on embankments to absorb the energy of waves. A revetment is a facing of masonry or other material to protect an embankment against erosion.
What is a "pile foundation"?A shallow foundation for a building.A deep foundation used to transfer the load of a building to a deeper, stronger layer of soil.A type of foundation for a bridge.A type of foundation for a road.B) A deep foundation used to transfer the load of a building to a deeper, stronger layer of soil. A pile foundation is a type of deep foundation that is used when the soil near the surface is not strong enough to support the load of a building.
The term "tensile strength" is a measure of a material's ability to withstand:Pulling forces. Bending forces.Shearing forces Compressive forces.A) Pulling forces.Tensile strength is a measure of the force required to pull something to the point where it breaks.
What is "seismic design" in civil engineering?The design of buildings that are resistant to wind.The design of buildings that are resistant to earthquakes.The design of buildings that are resistant to floods.The design of buildings that are resistant to fire. B) The design of buildings that are resistant to earthquakes.Seismic design is an area of structural engineering that focuses on designing structures to withstand earthquakes.
The term "girder" refers to:A small beam used to support smaller beams. A large beam used to support smaller beams.A type of foundation.A type of column.B) A large beam used to support smaller beams.A girder is a structural element that supports other beams and acts as a main horizontal support.
What is the main purpose of "curing concrete"?To make the concrete dry faster.To ensure proper hydration and strength development of the concrete.To make the concrete softer.To add a decorative finish to the concrete.B) To ensure proper hydration and strength development of the concrete.Curing is the process of maintaining adequate moisture and temperature in concrete for a period of time after it has been placed to allow the cement to fully hydrate and develop strength.
What is the term for a wall that holds back soil or rock from a slope?A retaining wall. A revetment. A dam.A breakwater. A) A retaining wall.A retaining wall is a structure designed and constructed to resist the lateral pressure of soil.
The term "compressive strength" is a measure of a material's ability to withstand: Pulling forces. Bending forces.Shearing forces.Compressive forces. D) Compressive forces.Compressive strength is the maximum compressive stress that a material can withstand before it fails.
What is a "revetment"? A type of dam. A sloping structure placed on embankments to absorb the energy of waves. A type of bridge. A type of road.B) A sloping structure placed on embankments to absorb the energy of waves.A revetment is a facing of masonry or other material to protect an embankment or shoreline from erosion.
The term "dead load" in structural engineering refers to:A temporary load on a structure. A permanent, non-moving load on a structure.A load caused by wind.A load caused by an earthquake. B) A permanent, non-moving load on a structure.A dead load is the weight of the structure itself and all permanent components of the building, such as the walls, floors, and roof.
What is the main purpose of a "purlin" in a roof structure?A vertical support beam.A horizontal beam that supports the rafters.A diagonal support beam.A foundation for the roof.B) A horizontal beam that supports the rafters.Purlins are horizontal structural members in a roof that provide support for the roof deck or sheathing.
The term "shear strength" of soil refers to:The ability of soil to resist compressive forces.The ability of soil to resist tensile forces.The ability of soil to resist internal sliding or shearing forces.The ability of soil to absorb water.C) The ability of soil to resist internal sliding or shearing forces. Shear strength of soil is a fundamental property that determines the stability of slopes, retaining walls, and foundations.
What is a "bridge abutment"?The part of a bridge that supports the main span.The support at the end of a bridge that bears the load of the superstructure and resists the horizontal thrust.The foundation of a bridge. The part of a bridge that is a decorative element.B) The support at the end of a bridge that bears the load of the superstructure and resists the horizontal thrust.An abutment is the outermost end support on a bridge, which carries the load from the deck and superstructure.
What is a "cofferdam"? A type of dam used to generate electricity.A temporary watertight enclosure built in a body of water to allow construction work.A type of dam used to control floods. A type of dam used for irrigation.B) A temporary watertight enclosure built in a body of water to allow construction work.A cofferdam is a temporary structure that is used to enclose an area of water and keep it dry for construction.
The term "rebar" refers to: A type of wood used in construction.A type of steel bar used to reinforce concrete.A type of brick used in construction. A type of paint used in construction.B) A type of steel bar used to reinforce concrete. Rebar, short for reinforcing bar, is a steel bar or mesh of steel wires used as a tension device in reinforced concrete.
What is a "truss" in civil engineering?A type of beam used to support smaller beams. A type of column.A rigid structure made of connected elements forming a triangular framework. A type of foundation.C) A rigid structure made of connected elements forming a triangular framework.A truss is a structure made of straight members connected at joints to form a series of triangles.
What is a "beam" in civil engineering? A vertical structural element that supports a building. A horizontal structural element that supports loads and transfers them to columns.A foundation element. A decorative element.B) A horizontal structural element that supports loads and transfers them to columns.A beam is a structural element that is subjected to loads that act perpendicular to its longitudinal axis.
The term "compaction" in soil engineering refers to:The process of adding water to soil.The process of increasing the density of soil by reducing the air voids.The process of removing water from soil. The process of adding a chemical to soil. B) The process of increasing the density of soil by reducing the air voids.Compaction is a process in which a stress applied to a soil causes densification as air voids are displaced.
The term "reinforced concrete" is a composite material in which concrete's compressive strength is combined with the tensile strength of:Steel bars. Aluminum sheets.Wooden beams.Plastic fibers. A) Steel bars.Reinforced concrete is a strong and durable material in which concrete, which has high compressive strength, is strengthened by steel bars to resist tensile forces.
A structure's ability to resist forces that tend to cause it to slide or overturn is called its:Stability.Ductility. Brittleness. Elasticity.A) Stability.Structural stability is the property of a structure that allows it to resist and return to its original shape after being subjected to forces.
What is "geotechnical engineering"? The branch of civil engineering that deals with the behavior of Earth materials.The branch of civil engineering that deals with the design of roads and highways.The branch of civil engineering that deals with the design of bridges.The branch of civil engineering that deals with the design of buildings. A) The branch of civil engineering that deals with the behavior of Earth materials. Geotechnical engineering is the study of soil, rock, and groundwater, and their application to engineering design.
The term "rebar" is a common term for: ConcreteSteel reinforcing barsWood BrickB) Steel reinforcing barsRebar is a steel bar used as a tension device in reinforced concrete and masonry structures to strengthen and aid the concrete under tension.
What is a "retaining wall"? A wall that supports a roof. A wall that holds back soil or rock from a slope.A decorative wall.A wall that is part of a building's foundation.B) A wall that holds back soil or rock from a slope.A retaining wall is a structure designed and constructed to resist the lateral pressure of soil.
The term "column" in civil engineering refers to a structural element that primarily carries loads in which direction?Vertical (compressive)Horizontal (tensile)BendingShear A) Vertical (compressive) A column is a vertical structural element that transmits the weight of the structure above to other structural elements below.
What is "tensile strength"?The ability of a material to resist being pulled apart.The ability of a material to resist being compressed.The ability of a material to resist bending.The ability of a material to resist shear forces.A) The ability of a material to resist being pulled apart. Tensile strength is the maximum stress that a material can withstand while being stretched or pulled before breaking.
The term "girder" refers to a structural element that is primarily used to: Hold up a roof. Provide a foundation for a wall.Support other beams. Carry vertical loads.C) Support other beams.A girder is a large iron or steel beam or compound structure used for building bridges and the framework of large buildings.
The term "geotechnical engineering" is the branch of civil engineering that deals with:The design of bridges.The behavior of Earth materials.The design of roads. The design of buildings. B) The behavior of Earth materials.Geotechnical engineering is the study of soil, rock, and groundwater, and their application to engineering design.